OPEN Repository

Welcome to OPEN - the Repository of Open Scientific Publications, run by the Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling, University of Warsaw, previously operating as the CeON Repository. The Repository enables Polish researchers from all fields to openly share their articles, books, conference materials, reports, doctoral theses, and other scientific texts.

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23187 archived items

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Item
Genetic diversity of European beech in Poland estimated on the basis of isoenzyme analyses
(Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, Komitet Nauk Leśnych PAN, 2012) Sułkowska, Małgorzata; Gömöry, Dusan; Paule, Ladislav; Forest Research Institute, Department of Silviculture and Genetics, Sękocin Stary; Technical University in Zvolen, Faculty of Forestry
The aim of this study was the assessment of genetic diversity and differentiation patterns of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) populations within its natural range in Poland. These stands cover 5.2% of the forest area in Poland, and form the predominant forest tree communities throughout the Carpathians and Sudety Mountains, and the moraine landscape of the Pomeranian Lake District. Varying environmental conditions have resulted in agreat number of ecotypes and populations which are characterized by various ecological requirements. Poland represents the north¬eastern limit of the beech's natural distribution. Genetic diversity and differentiation was assessed using allozyme gene markers employing 9 enzyme sys¬tems: glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT – EC 2.6.1.1), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP – EC 3.4.11.1), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH – EC 1.1.1.42), malate dehydrogenase (MDH – EC 1.1.1.37), menadione reductase (MNR– EC1.6.99.2), phosphoglucomutase (PGM – EC 2.7.5.1), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI – EC 5.3.1.9), per¬oxydase (PX– EC 1.11.17) and shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH – EC 1.1.1.25). Beech populations occurring toward the northeast of the natural range were characterised by adecreasing the average number of alleles per locus and percentage of polymorphic loci. The highest genetic differentiation was found in the East Carpathians. The genetic differentiation levels of Polish beech populations are comparable to the other European countries.
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Genetic variability of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) natural regeneration compared with their maternal stands
(Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, 2014-03) Nowakowska, Justyna Anna; Zachara, Tadeusz; Konecka, Agata; Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, Zakład Hodowli Lasu i Genetyki Drzew Leśnych, Sękocin Stary
The genetic variability and biodiversity of tree populations ensures the stability and sustainability of forest ecosystems. New research tools based on molecular DNA markers enable precise characterization of forest genetic resources, i.e. detection of different allele frequencies in mature trees and progeny populations. The paper describes the genetic structure of mature stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Oława Forest District, and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) in Jawor Forest District and stands of their respective progeny. In the Scots pine stand, there was a slight increase (0.6%) in heterozygosity level and alarger increase (4.9%) in the inbreeding coefficient of progeny trees. In the Norway spruce stand, despite a small reduction (0.9%) in heterozygosity, a similar increase (4.6%) in the inbreeding coefficient of progeny was revealed. In both stands, allele richness and the partition probability of basic clustering were high. Both pine and spruce adults and progeny trees were characterized by high levels of genetic similarity (96% and 79% respectively). Gene flow between the mature and progeny populations was high (Nm > 1) for both Scots pine and Norway spruce. Conservation of the gene pool within forest tree stands requires an increase in the proportion of natural regeneration. To estimate the extent to which genes are transmitted between adult trees and their progeny more studies are needed, especially taking into account the influence of silviculture measures, like selective tree cutting, on the genetic variability of the younger generation. These results confirm that the gene pool was conserved when transmitted between the stands studied, as well as highlighting the usefulness of such a study for the silvicultural purposes.