OPEN Repository

Welcome to OPEN - the Repository of Open Scientific Publications, run by the Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling, University of Warsaw, previously operating as the CeON Repository. The Repository enables Polish researchers from all fields to openly share their articles, books, conference materials, reports, doctoral theses, and other scientific texts.

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Zbrodnia Pomorska 1939 roku w leśnych krajobrazach – problemy ochrony pamięci historycznej i zagospodarowania lasu
(Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, 2024-12) Ostasz, Elżbieta
The objective of this study was to assess the cultural heritage value of 85 forest memorial landscapes of the Pomeranian Crime of 1939. To achieve this, we aimed to (1) locate the execution sites and graves of the victims of this crime in the forest areas managed by the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Regional Directorates of the State Forest Administration (pl. Lasy Państwowe) in northern Poland and (2) determine the degree of cultural heritage protection in these areas and the impact of forest management on the value of this heritage. Our study is based on the cartographic resources of the Bureau of Forest Management and Geodesy and the National Heritage Institute (Poland). The value of cultural heritage was determined using a cultural heritage valuation form. Our results show that all inventoried sites have a unique historical, social and symbolic value. About 60% of the sites were not included in the register of cemeteries and war graves and are not protected by any of the legal forms of cultural heritage protection. The inclusion of a site in a form of cultural heritage protection proved to be insignificant for the preservation of the cultural heritage of the site. The possibility of preserving this value in forest landscapes exists in both protective and special forests as well as in commercial forests, regardless of the general management practice in a given forest area, although studies have shown that non-standard management activities contribute to their aesthetic value. The most important factor in protecting the cultural heritage of forest memorial areas has proven to be the involvement of various state and local government institutions as well as schools, voluntary organisations and museums - both in the process of commemorating the Pomeranian Crime of 1939 and its victims and in activities aimed at preserving the material values of the associated sites.
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Zmiany leśnych zbiorowisk roślinnych w obszarze źródliskowym Tetyńskiej Strugi na Pojezierzu Myśliborskim w ostatnich dekadach (1976–2023)
(Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, 2024-12) Smoliga, Aleksander; Regionalna Dyrekcja Lasów Państwowych w Szczecinie
The aim of this study was to describe the changes in the structure and species composition of forest communities in the Myślibórz Lake District caused by forest management and natural factors. For this purpose, data from phytosociological relevés from the 1960s and 1970s were compared with data collected in the area between 2021 and 2023. A total of 128 relevés were car- ried out at the sites where the forest phytocoenoses had been described several decades earlier. In addition, a dead wood inventory was carried out on 40 circular study plots (0.25 ha). A significant increase in the proportion of common beech (Fagus sylvatica), which has been promoted by forest management in recent decades, was observed in the study area. Another tree species whose share in the forest communities has changed significantly is common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus). At present, hornbeam is mainly found in the undergrowth. In the past, it formed a complex structure of tree stands together with pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) and other deciduous tree species. Common bird cherry (Padus avium) is currently gradually re- placing ash (Fraxinus excelsior) in the riparian forests. Changes can also be observed in the herb layer. Species that are characteris- tic of individual phytocoenoses are generally less abundant today than they were in the last century. Some species, such as small- balsam (Impatiens parviflora) and water foxtail (Alopecurus geniculatus), did not occur in this area in the past. The undergrowth of the tree layer has changed the most, while the herb layer has changed the least. The forest communities of the Myślibórz Lake Dis- trict, especially riparian forests, oak-lime-hornbeam forests and beech forests, have changed considerably in recent decades, mainly due to forest management activities. The largest amount of dead wood has been documented in the riparian forests of this area.
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Detekcja zapachu owadów z wykorzystaniem psów w leśnictwie –innowacyjna metoda monitoringu przyrodniczego
(Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, 2024-12) Haidt, Andżelika; Plewa, Radosław; Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, Zakład Ekologii Lasu, Sękocin Star
The use of dogs in scent work involves the detection of a wide range of substances, including explosives, drugs, human diseases such as cancer, diabetes and epilepsy, as well as living persons or human remains. One of the rapidly developing areas of this work is environmental scent detection using dogs, the application of which could prove important in addressing the challenges posed by the greenhouse effect and global trade. Climate change has a significant impact on forests and requires innovative solutions to protect forest ecosystems. Droughts lead to an increased occurrence of various insect pest species, especially bark beetles. In addition, global trade contributes to the spread of various invasive species. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential for the use of dogs for scent detection in forestry and for implementing this approach in Poland. Based on a literature review using specific keywords on the Web of Science and Scopus platforms, it was found that dogs can effectively detect six species (or twin species groups) of insects (Insecta), including three from the order Coleoptera – Ips typographus, Osmoderma eremita/barnabita, Anoplophora glabripennis/chinensis; two from the order Hymenoptera – Bombus spp., Solenopsis geminata; and one from the order Homoptera – Lycorma delicatula. Dogs specially trained to detect insect scent could serve as valuable tools in certain aspects of forest management, such as the inventory and monitoring of rare and protected species (e.g., Cucujus cinnaberinus, Boros schneideri, or Rosalia alpina) used to designate ecologically valuable areas within the Natura 2000 network. Thanks to the availability of pheromone dispensers on the market, it is also possible to train dogs to detect wood-boring insect pests such as the invasive bark beetle Xylosandrus germanus. The use of dogs could become even more important as the protection of biodiversity is one of the European Union’s main targets for 2030 under the European Green Deal. Since environmental detection is a highly effective method, its use should be seriously considered.
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Wpływ wielkoskalowego pożaru na skład pokarmu uszatki Asio otus
(Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, 2024-10) Gryz, Jakub; Krauze-Gryz, Dagny; Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, Zakład Ekologii Lasu, Sękocin Stary; Samodzielny Zakład Zoologii Leśnej i Łowiectwa, Instytut Nauk Leśnych SGGW
In April 2020, a large-scale fire occurred in the Biebrza National Park (north-eastern Poland). Over 5,500 ha of meadows and forests were burned. In this study, we show how wildfire affected the diet of the long-eared owl Asio otus. We collected owl pellets in the Wroceń Forest in the central part of the burned area in the fall of 2020, several months after the fire, and then two years after the fire in 2022–2023. We also collected pellets of this owl species outside the burned area in the fall of 2020. Analysis of the pellets revealed that the diet of owls in the post-fire areas was much more diverse than that of owls in the unburned areas or in the same area but two years after the fire. The food niche of the owls in the burned areas was broader; in particular, they fed less frequently on their main prey (the root vole Microtus oeconomus) and more frequently on other rodents, soricomorphs, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and insects. Our results showed that this owl species switched to a variety of other prey when M. oeconomus rapidly disappeared due to an extensive fire. The burned area could serve as a suitable hunting site because of the reduced plant cover. Thus, small animals that survived or recolonized burned areas could be easy prey for long-eared owls.
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Skład pokarmu orlika krzykliwego Clanga pomarina na terenie Magurskiego Parku Narodowego
(Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa, 2024-08) Paradysz, Jan; Kiec-Paradysz, Aneta; nstytut Nauk Leśnych SGGW w Warszawie, Katedra Ochrony Lasu
In 2020–2021, the diet of the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Clanga pomarina) was studied in the central part of the Magura National Park in southern Poland. The diet composition was determined by analyzing pellets and prey remains under occupied nests. Of the 92 prey items collected, the diet, measured by biomass, consisted of 32.12% reptiles, 66.88% mammals, 0.75% amphibians and 0.25% insects. The main mammalian prey taxa were members of the family Cricetidae, while the most commonly eaten insects were from the family Carabidae. Insects were the second numerically most important prey category with 18.48%.

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License: Uznanie autorstwa-Użycie niekomercyjne-Bez utworów zależnych 3.0 Polska Start date: 2020 End date: 2024
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