Kultura Romów w muzeum

Mann, Arne B.

Kultura Romów w muzeum

Abstract

In the context of museum exposition space the author attempts to define which elements of culture are to be considered specifically Romani. He comes to conclusion that nearly the entire material culture of Roma people as well as major parts of its spiritual and social components have been absorbed from the lower stratum of the surrounding cultures. It is then quite futile to try to isolate some particularly unique complex of objects or cultural features as symptomatic of the Roma. One should regard as Romani, whatever the Roma think of as such. The Roma are in general not interested in Roma related publications, they do not tend to will to educate their children in the Roma language and even the Roma parents do not wish their children to know anything about the Roma. The question hence arises about the attitude the Roma have towards their own ethnic identity. Is it of any importance to them at all? In the past they experienced their identity negatively – as a handicap and the majority of them still feel that way today. Some of the Roma deliberately deny its background and culture, forget their language, ignore traditional customs and choose to assimilate. They are those who gained education and a better social position. Becoming aware of the traits of one’s culture is one of the manifestations of ethnic identity but the set of „culture’s ethnic traits” is not predefined. The national emancipation of Roma is currently being brought about by the efforts of members of the Roma elite but also by encouragement coming from the general population which consider ethnic identity to be a crucial component of their culture and who demand it from the rest of the society. Here is where the author recognizes serious problems that result from establishing „ethnic museums” – the Roma ones in this case. This should be accompanied with cautious and sensible cultural policy on national level.

Anda jekhe muzealone ekspoziciaqëro kontèksto o avtòro pućhlǎrel pes pal- i definìcia, save elemènte e kulturaqëre śaj te iklǒn sar specifik rromane. Aresel k-o agoripen, so paśti sa i vastukani (materiàlo) kultùra e Rromenqëri, thaj vi jekh baro kotor lenqëre bivastukane thaj socialone kulturaqëro, si line e trujalipnasqëre kulturenθar, thaj buteder preciz andar lenqëre ćorreder sfère. Kadǎ naj sosθar te khinas amen kerindor ekspozìcie nesave ćhumuněnqëre ja kulturalone isimatenqëre, save xatam si specifìko e Rromenqe. Kampel te akharas „rromano” so o Rroma kòrkorre dikhen sar rromano. General, phenel o man, o Rroma naj len interèso and-o publikàcie pal-i rromani temàtika, naj dikhen sosqe lenqëre ćhave te siklǒn rromanes miśtes, thaj o rromane dada thaj daja na kamen te Ŵanen lenqëre ćhave khanć pal-o rromanipen. Na Ŵanav sosθar e man-uśesqe avel ćud, kana savorre anda lesqëri phuv śeliberśençar kuśle sa so si rromano, te na phenav kana marde aj mudarde Rromen. Iklǒl athòska o pućhipen pal-i relàcia e Rromenqëri karing pesqëri xodutni etnikani identifikàcia. A si lenqe vasni kadaja identifikàcia? And-o nakhlipen, dikhènas negativ penqëri identitèta, sar jekh ćorripen, jekh bangipen, thaj Ŵi adadives buteder lenθar kadǎ dikhen la. Śaj te xoxaves ketǐ manges, naj te xolanǒl o parno lil ja o por e papinǎqëro. Jekh kotor e Rromenqëro garuven penqëri origìna aj kultùra, bistren penqëri diaqëri ćhib, na kamen te Ŵanen pala penqëre tradicionàlo aćara aj zakònǎ thaj alosaren e asimilaciaqëro drom. Kadala si Rroma, save aresle te siklǒn thaj te xutren laćheder pozìcia and-o dostipen. O Ŵanipen aj halǒvipen tǐre kulturaqëro si jekh manifestàcia tǐre etnikane identitetaqëri, a adaj maśkar Rromenθe, naj definuime o savorripen e „kulturaqëre etnikane manifestaciaqëro”. I emancipàcia e Rromenqëri vazdinǒl akana katar-i aktivitèta jekhe kotoresqëri andar-i rromani elìta thaj vi katar-o jizdipen e gaŴenqëro, save dikhen anda penqëri etnikani identifikàcia jekh vasno elemènto penqëre kulturaqëro thaj mangen i vipal koncèpcia e Rromenθar. Adaj o avtòro dikhel phare problème, so śaj anel o vazdipen „etnikane muzeumenqëre” – and-amaro suro „rromane muzeumenqëre”. Sa kampel te kerdǒl anda jekh but xarani thaj xakǎrdiver polìtika e kulturaqëri p-e Themesqëro nivèlo.