O rromskim sądzie obyczajowym

Courthiade, Marcel

O rromskim sądzie obyczajowym

Abstract

In a short discussion about the existing judiciaries, the article points at just how diverse and relative they are when observed in a wider perspective. The paper then attempts to explain how and why the Rromani kris is, one might say, secret and to make clear its nature and main features. After explaining when, where and how Rroms convene a kris and how this act strengthens Rromani identity, it brings to light some 20 differences between Rromani and non-Rromani judiciaries: stating among others, that the Rromani system focuses more on mediation and harmony among Rroms, rather than on punishment as non-Rromani ones do which often leads to more or less hidden injustices and resentment in the name of justice. The article goes on to draw further parallels with other customary courts of justice, such as the pańćajat raŴ in India and the ihtiyar hejet in Turkey, however, their function appears to be broader than the Rromani kris. Romania officially recognizes the Rromani kris and its authority as a ‘constitutive institution of the State’ (albeit, this has given rise to polemics in the country itself) and such recognition of the kris is expected to be adopted in Columbia very soon. The Rromani kris raises many philosophical questions related to policy and true democracy nowadays.

Pala jekh xarno rakëripen pal-o ververipen thaj i relativitèta e krisikane sistemenqëre dr-o sundal, so perel dre jakha kana dikhas buxledër desär e Evropaqëri sistèma, o artìklo zumavel te lathel sär thaj sosqe śaj te phenel pes so sï i rromani kris garuduni. Duślǎrel xarnes laqëri natùra thaj so sï dre laθe xarakteristìko. Mothovel kana, kaj thaj sär Rroma akharen i kris thaj vi sär joj zorǎrel e Rromenqëri identitèta. Anel 20 diferènce maśkär-i kris rromani thaj i kris gaŴikani: maśkär javërenθe i rromani butedër ròdel mediàcia thaj harmònia maśkär Rromenθe desär dendipen (karanie), sär ròdel i gaŴikani kris – butivar i gaŴikani linŴal dr-o baro garudo bangipen thaj xoli tel-o ućharipen e duzimasqëro. Dre jekh kotor e artiklosqëro, lathas jekh tikno paralèlo javëre selikane krisençar, sär o pańćajat raŴ dre India thaj o ihtiyar hejet dre Tùrcia, no lenqëre fùnkcie si buxledër desär e rromane krisaqëre. I Rumània pinŴarel oficial i rromani kris aj laqëri autoritèta sär jekh konstitutìvo institùcia e Themesqëri (sï vi manuśa so hazden polemìka adalesθär) thaj uŴaras i Kolùmbia te pinŴarel sig vi joj i rromani kris. I kris i rromani hazdel but filozofikane pućhimàta pal-i politika thaj i ćaćutni demokràcia dre divesa jamare.