Aramejskie słowa i wyrażania w grece Nowego Testamentu

Baranowski, Krzysztof J.

Aramejskie słowa i wyrażania w grece Nowego Testamentu

Abstract

The presence of Aramaic words and phrases testifies to the milieu of the New Testament. The occurrence of personal and geographical names reveals that Aramaic was one of the languages used in Palestine at that time. Aramaic personal names are often composed of the initial Βαρ- (בַּר) “son” or are common nouns which refer to their bearers’ qualities. The identification of geographical names as specifically Aramaic rather than Semitic in general relies on their final vowel α, which corresponds to the Aramaic emphatic state. The relatively low number of Aramaic names in the New Testament stems from the preference for Hebrew onomastics among the local Jewish population and the permanence of earlier Hebrew toponymy. The Aramaic words attributed to Jesus can be considered as examples of what comes closest to his ipsissima verba. What is also very precious is the word μαραναθα, which preserves a liturgical formula of the first Christians. All these words and phrases are better characterized as transcriptions into Greek or loanwords than borrowings into Greek. Their non-Greek character is expressed in their numerous variant spellings in the manuscript tradition.

Keywords

Semitic philology Aramaic New Testament ancient Greek

Citation

Baranowski, Krzysztof J. 2016. "Aramejskie słowa i wyrażania w grece Nowego Testamentu [=Aramaic Words and Phrases in the Greek Version of the New Testament]." Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latine 26 (2):45-57. doi: 10.14746/sppgl.2016.XXVI.2.3.