Parameters of State in the Global Thermodynamics of Binary Ideal Gas Mixtures in a Stationary Heat Flow
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49.Parameters of State in the Global_P.Zuk.pdf (328.04 KB)
0000-0002-2371-4183 Date
2023
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In this paper, we formulate the first law of global thermodynamics for stationary states of the binary ideal gas mixture subjected to heat flow. We map the non-uniform system onto the uniform one and show that the internal energy π(πβ,π,π1,π2,πβ1,πβ2) is the function of the following parameters of state: a non-equilibrium entropy πβ, volume V, number of particles of the first component, π1, number of particles of the second component π2 and the renormalized degrees of freedom. The parameters πβ1,πβ2, π1,π2 satisfy the relation (π1/(π1+π2))πβ1/π1+(π2/(π1+π2))πβ2/π2=1 (π1 and π2 are the degrees of freedom for each component respectively). Thus, only 5 parameters of state describe the non-equilibrium state of the binary mixture in the heat flow. We calculate the non-equilibrium entropy πβ and new thermodynamic parameters of state πβ1,πβ2 explicitly. The latter are responsible for heat generation due to the concentration gradients. The theory reduces to equilibrium thermodynamics, when the heat flux goes to zero. As in equilibrium thermodynamics, the steady-state fundamental equation also leads to the thermodynamic Maxwell relations for measurable steady-state properties.
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MacioΕek, A.; HoΕyst, R.; Makuch, K.; Gizynski, K.; ΛZuk, P.J. Parameters of State in the Global Thermodynamics of Binary Ideal Gas Mixtures in a Stationary Heat Flow. Entropy 2023, 25, 1505. https:// doi.org/10.3390/e25111505