Zagospodarowanie i przemiany społeczno-gospodarcze w garnizonie porosyjskim w Szczytnicy
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Authors
Date
2012
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Volume Title
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Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Abstract
Jednym z przejawów przemian polityczno-gospodarczych w Europie po 1989 r. było wycofanie się wojsk rosyjskich z 74 garnizonów w Polsce. W artykule omówiono zagospodarowanie terenów dawnego garnizonu w Szczytnicy na Dolnym Śląsku oraz zachodzące na nich przemiany społeczno-gospodarcze. W latach 1993–1999 trwała tam inwentaryzacja majątku i budowa podstawowej infrastruktury technicznej. W 2000 r., na bazie osadników pochodzących z dziewięciu województw, rozpoczął się proces tworzenia nowej społeczności lokalnej. W latach 2004–2009 nastąpił dynamiczny napływ ludności do osiedla, a w 2009 r. zamieszkiwało je około 600 osób. Około 50% mieszkańców nie ma stałego zameldowania, co świadczy o chęci tymczasowego pobytu w tym miejscu. Duża część mieszkań stanowi lokatę kapitału oraz miejsce pobytu w okresie weekendowo-świątecznym oraz letnich wakacji. Teren dawnego lotniska obejmuje częściowo Specjalna Strefa Ekonomiczna, gdzie kilka firm otworzyło swoje zakłady; funkcjonują także usługi związane z pobliską autostradą A4.One of the manifestations of the post-Cold War political and economic transformations in Europe was the withdrawal of Soviet troops from 74 garrisons located in the western and south-western parts of Poland. These also include the village of Szczytnica located in the Lower Silesia Province. From the moment the garrison was handed over to the Soviet troops in 1953, until the withdrawal of the troops in 1992, it was not included in the territorial structure of Poland. The purpose of this article is to present the development of the former garrison site, and to show the socio-economic transformations. The study is based on the survey conducted amongst the inhabitants of the residential area in Szczytnica and field research. In 1993, both the local residential area and the largest post-Soviet airfield in Różyniec were taken over by the administrators of the Warta Bolesławiecka and Gromadka communes. In the years 1993–1999, a condition survey of property was conducted and the basic technical infrastructure was constructed. It was then that most of the Leningrad-type residential buildings were handed over to the socalled Zabużanie, i.e. persons displaced from areas situated east of the Bug river, as a compensation for the property lost in the East. Within the residential area, both post- German buildings from the 1930s and residential buildings constructed in the 1980s are situated. In 2000, the process of the establishment of a new local community was initiated, with the settlers coming from 9 provinces of Poland as the first inhabitants. In the years 2004–2009, a rapid influx of people to the residential area took place. In 2009, Szczytnica was inhabited by approximately 600 people. Approx. 50% of the inhabitants are not permanent residents, which indicates their willingness to stay in the location on a temporary basis only. A large proportion of the flats are a sort of capital investment, and a place of stay for the period of weekends, public and summer holidays. In the airfield, which is partially located within the Special Economic Zone, several companies have opened their plants and storage rooms. They include: Atlas (construction chemicals producer), Młynpol (flour producer), Forestyle (garden furniture warehouse), Hormann (garage door producer), and, since 2010, fuel stations Statoil and Orlen, as well as a KFC restaurant.
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Citation
Sobotka S., 2012, Zagospodarowanie i przemiany społeczno-gospodarcze w garnizonie porosyjskim w Szczytnicy, Czasopismo Geograficzne 83(1–2): 81–91.