Nominacje ducha zła w tradycji kulturowej (bies, czart, demon, diabeł, szatan)
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KiH-32-2018-12-NOMINACJE-DUCHA-ZŁA-W-TRADYCJI-KULTUROWEJ-BIES-CZART-DEMON-DIABEŁ-SZATAN.pdf (285.28 KB)
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Date
2018-02-22
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Wydawnictwo UMCS
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Abstract
A belief in hell and its evil creatures is common for all the religions stemming from the same root, i.e. Judaism, Christianity and Islam. They all used the same motif of the fight between the good and evil deities. The image of the evil spirit in various Christian denominations was not the same. It was modelled by local beliefs, customs, traditions and ceremonies. Of great importance was also the creativity of writers and artists, who shaped the image of the evil in people’ imagination. The most representative character in demonology is undoubtedly the evil spirit, the ruler of hell. There are many Polish nominations of the creature known in English as the devil or satan, e.g. bies, czart (czort), demon, diabeł, szatan. The origin of these terms is still a matter of scholarly debate. Some treat them as equivalents, others point towards differences between them. This article makes references to the works of Polish and non-Polish ethnographers, e.g. Henryk Łowmiański, Aleksander Brückner, Jerzy Strzelczyk, Leonard Pełka, Jerzy Prokopiuk, Swietłana Tołstojowa, as well as some postulates made by Carl Gustav Jung.