Beeswax remnants, phase and major element chemical composition of the bronze age mould from Gaj Oławski (SW Poland)

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dc.contributor.authorBaron, Justyna
dc.contributor.authorMiazga, Beata
dc.contributor.authorNtaflos, Theodoros
dc.contributor.authorPuziewicz, Jacek
dc.contributor.authorSzumny, Antoni
dc.contributor.organizationUniversity of Wroclawen
dc.contributor.organizationUniversity of Viennaen
dc.date.accessioned2017-10-20T14:34:38Z
dc.date.available2017-10-20T14:34:38Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractThe recently found metal casting mould from Gaj Oławski (SW Poland) was designed for the production of socketed axes typical for later stages of the Bronze Age in Poland (ca. 1100–900 bc). This unique artefact is a half of a durable, two-piece wedge-shaped mould and measures 17.5 × 7.2 × 4.0 cm. The surface of the mould is covered copper oxides and carbonates, and the remnant of beeswax was found on its inner surface. The metal forming mould consists of cored dendrites of Cu-dominated (Cu >96.5 wt%, up to 2.2 wt% Sn) and Cu impoverished (Cu ~86.0 wt%, Sn ~9.4 wt%, some Sb, As and Ag) end compositions and volumetrically subordinate α + δ eutectoid. The “as cast” structure of the metal shows that the mould was never used for molten metal casting. Since this kind of moulds was used for mass casting of metal, the Gaj Oławski one was probably never used, and the beeswax is the remain of its coating. This is the first remain of the Bronze Age beeswax described in metallurgical context in Europe.en
dc.identifier.citationJ. Baron , B. Miazga, Th. Ntaflos, J. Puziewicz, A. Szumny. 2015. Beeswax remnants, phase and major element chemical composition of the bronze age mould from Gaj Oławski (SW Poland), Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences 8, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-014-0225-0en
dc.identifier.issn1866-9557
dc.identifier.urihttps://open.icm.edu.pl/handle/123456789/13145
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringeren
dc.rightsUznanie autorstwa-Użycie niekomercyjne-Bez utworów zależnych 3.0 Polska*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pl/*
dc.subjectbeeswaxen
dc.subjectcasting moulden
dc.subjectBronze Ageen
dc.subjectphase and chemical compositionen
dc.subjectFTIRen
dc.subjectGC/MSen
dc.subjectXRFen
dc.subjectelectron microprobeen
dc.subjectGaj Oławskipl
dc.titleBeeswax remnants, phase and major element chemical composition of the bronze age mould from Gaj Oławski (SW Poland)pl
dc.typearticleen
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