Postawy ludności cywilnej wobec kozackich najazdów z 1648 roku na przykładzie mieszczan kraśnickich. Przyczynek do zagadnienia zasięgu terytorialnego powstania Chmielnickiego
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PL UA Goszczynski.pdf (388.35 KB)
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Date
2020
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Towarzystwo Wydawnicze Historia Iagellonica & Wydawnictwo Tempora
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Abstract
In autumn 1648 the Tatar-Cossack army besieged Lviv and Zamość as well as left minor troops in their vicinity. Their raids desolated villages located between the Bug and Vistula River. The actions of rebels from Zaporoże only enhanced the fear-filled atmosphere among the civilian population. For the leader of the Uprising, Bohdan Chmielnicki, those raids were a way of restocking and building up morale among Tatars and Cossacks. Moreover, the raids advantaged political affairs of the Cossack ataman. Terrorising gentry allowed him to influence the election sejm (sejm elekcyjny) deliberating at the time. One of the localities that suffered from the Cossack raids in the aforementioned period was Kraśnik (located in the Lublin Voivodeship). The rebels from Zaporoże blasted the village, slaughtered its citizens and desolated its infrastructure. The surviving court references allow for an analysis of attitudes among the civilians during the raids. There is some data about citizens’ escapes outside the city walls, as well as some accounts of robberies, committed by the people that remained in the city after the Cossack retreat, who wanted for getting rich easily.
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w: Studia i materiały z historii nowożytnej i najnowszej Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, T. 1: Na styku epok. Ziemie południowo-wschodniej Rzeczypospolitej od XVII do początku XIX wieku, redakcja Tomasz Kargol, Witalij Michałowskiss. 29–48