The milestone – role of miRNAs as predictors of diabetes complications: a literature review
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EJTCM_2025_8_2_Bigosinski.pdf (1.17 MB)
0000-0003-3613-3772 Date
2025-12-30
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Medical University of Gdańsk
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the biggest health problems of the 21st century. The complications of DM are macrovascular (ischemic diseases of the heart and brain) and microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy). The aim of this review was to describe the role of micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) as markers for the development of distant complications of diabetes. A search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and EMBASE databases for articles published in 2014-2024. Fifty-three original articles, systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included in the review. MiRNAs are involved in metabolic pathways responsible for the onset and development of DM and their altered expression may serve as a non-invasive biomarker for the development of distant DM complications. Among the most significant is miR-21, responsible for normal angiogenesis, whose expression was higher in patients with macroangiopathy and retino-, nephro- and neuropathy. Certain miRNAs may have potential as potential therapeutic targets, e.g. miR-203 (ischemic heart disease), miR-181c (retinopathy) and miR-184-5p (neuropathy). MiRNAs are potential biomarkers for the development of distant complications of diabetes and may serve as therapeutic targets for their reduction.
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Bigosiński K, Granat M, Salamon K, Góra J, Caliński M, Bednarz H, Dubaj M, Porada D. The milestone – role of miRNAs as predictors of diabetes complications: a literature review. Eur J Transl Clin Med. 2025;8(2):58-70. https://doi.org/10.31373/ejtcm/209126