Enhancing Stability of Microwave-Synthesized Cs2SnxTi1-xBr6 Perovskite by Cation Mixing

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dc.contributor.authorReyes-Francis, Emmanuel
dc.contributor.authorJulián‐López, Beatriz
dc.contributor.authorEcheverría‐Arrondo, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorRodríguez‐Pereira, Jhonatan
dc.contributor.authorEsparza, Diego
dc.contributor.authorLópez-Luke, Tzarara
dc.contributor.authorEspino-Valencia, Jaime
dc.contributor.authorProchowicz, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorMora‐Seró, Iván
dc.contributor.authorTurren‐Cruz, Silver‐Hamill
dc.contributor.organizationInstituto de Investigación en Metalurgia y Materiales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, México
dc.contributor.organizationInstitute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, España
dc.contributor.organizationCenter of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
dc.contributor.organizationCentral European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
dc.contributor.organizationUnidad Académica de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
dc.contributor.organizationFacultad de Ingeniería Química, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, México
dc.contributor.organizationInstitute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-07T13:10:53Z
dc.date.available2025-07-07T13:10:53Z
dc.date.issued2024-12-10
dc.description.abstractThe double-perovskite material Cs2TiBr6 shows excellent photovoltaic potential, making it a promising alternative to lead-based materials. However, its high susceptibility to degradation in air has raised concerns about its practical application. This study introduces an interesting synthesis approach that significantly enhances the stability of Cs2TiBr6 powder. We implemented a gradual cation exchange process by substituting Ti4+ with Sn4+ in the efficient microwave-assisted synthesis method, developing a double perovskite Cs2SnxTi1-xBr6 type. A systematic study of increasing concentration of Sn4+ in Cs2TiBr6 perovskite has been performed to analyze the effect of Sn-doping degree on the chemical and thermal stability of the material and the optical features in both nitrogen and ambient atmospheres, significantly increasing the stability of the material in the air for over a week. Furthermore, introducing Sn4+ results in a more uniform polygonal crystal morphology of the powders and a slight band gap broadening. We show that microwave-assisted synthesis is highly efficient and cost-effective in producing more sustainable lead-free perovskite materials with enhanced stability and desirable electrical characteristics. This work suggests a promising method for synthesizing perovskite materials, opening new routes for scientific research and applications.en
dc.description.sponsorshipConselleria d'Educació, Investigació, Cultura i Esport. Grant Number: CIPROM/2021/078 Narodowe Centrum Nauki. Grant Number: 2021/43/P/ST5/01780 H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions. Grant Number: 945339
dc.identifier.citationChemSusChem 2025, 18, e202402073. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202402073
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/cssc.202402073
dc.identifier.issn1864-564X
dc.identifier.urihttps://open.icm.edu.pl/handle/123456789/25993
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley-VCH GmbH
dc.relation.ispartofseries18
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.18150/ACQSMY
dc.rightsUznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodoween
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.sourceChemSusChem
dc.subjectcesium titanium tin bromide perovskiteen
dc.subjectmicrowave irradiation synthesisen
dc.subjectlead-free double perovskiteen
dc.subjectoutdoor stabilityen
dc.titleEnhancing Stability of Microwave-Synthesized Cs2SnxTi1-xBr6 Perovskite by Cation Mixingen
dc.typearticle
dc.type.versionpublishedVersion
person.identifier.orcidJulián‐López, Beatriz [0000-0003-1019-776X]
person.identifier.orcidEcheverría‐Arrondo, Carlos [0000-0001-6627-5005]
person.identifier.orcidRodríguez‐Pereira, Jhonatan [0000-0001-6501-9536]
person.identifier.orcidEsparza, Diego [0000-0001-6090-5547]
person.identifier.orcidProchowicz, Daniel [0000-0002-5003-5637]
person.identifier.orcidMora‐Seró, Iván [0000-0003-2508-0994]
person.identifier.orcidTurren‐Cruz, Silver‐Hamill [0000-0003-3191-6188]
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